What are the general elements of a tort under English law?

1. Duty of Care: The defendant must have owed a duty of care to the claimant. This means that the defendant must have had a legal responsibility to take reasonable steps to avoid causing harm to the claimant. 2. Breach of Duty: The defendant must have breached this duty of care by failing to take reasonable steps to avoid causing harm to the claimant. 3. Causation: The breach of duty must have caused the claimant to suffer harm or loss. 4. Damage: The claimant must have suffered some form of damage as a result of the breach of duty. This can include physical injury, financial loss, or emotional distress.